Carbureter.



A. S. BERGEN.

CARBURETEH.

APPLICATION mm Nov. la. 1914.

1,258,389. mmm. 5, 1918.

' a snzzrssnin 1.

A. S. BERGEN;

CARBURETER. APPLICATION FILED NO V. I8, ISH- Patend 5, 1918.

3 SHEETS-SHEET 3 una nl 3.5- 4a' 23 BRAM soHENox BERGEN, or HUNTINGTON, "NEW YORK.

CARBURETER.

specification of Leners Patent.

Patented Mar. 5, 1918.

Application led November 18, 1914. S/erial No. 872,708.

To atl whom it may concern.'

Be it known that I, AuaAM. SCIIENGK BinionN, Va citizen of the United States, and a resident of Huntington, in the county of Suffolk and State of New York, have invented new and useful Improvements in Carbureters, of which the following is a specification.

My invention relates to improvements` in carhureteis of the automatic type, and the objects of my invention are to provide a simple and eilicicnt carburetor whit-.b will supply throughout its entire range ilu.l proper proportions ol' finely pulverixed l'ucl and air thoroughly niiictl. to provide read)Y means for varying' the ratio between the' quantity of fuel and the quantity of air, and to provide means for automatically varying the effective area. of the air `and fuel intake ports to correspond with the demand made upon th carburetor for mixture.

The other objects and essential features of my invention are lpointed out in the following specifica-tion and in the appended claims.

I attain these objects by the mechanism illustrated in the accompanying drawings Which disclose thc preferred form of my invention, in which- Figure 1 is a side elevation of a carl'uucter embodying the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a vertical longitudinal sectional view of the carburetor on a. line of section that includes the float chamber.

Fig. 3 is a. view partly in section on the line @Fa of Fig. 2.

Fig. 4 is a. plan view ofa portion ot' my apparatus partially in section on the line b-b of Fig. 2.

Fig. 5 is a view of the base of the mixing chamber partly broken away.

Fig. 6 1s a plan view of the base of the mixing chamber showing the air nozzle and the spray nozzle.

Fig. is a section of thc mixing chamber on the line 0*@ of Figf2.

Fig. 8 is asectional view on the line I---d of Fig. 7. l

My carbureter is provided -with a. fioat feed chamber 1, to which liquid fue] is admitted. from vany suitable source of supply through ay pipe not showmconnected with the bushin 2 by a. sui-table connection notI shown. Tli member 3 which is tapped and screwthreaded to redeive and retain it in position. The .base of the float chamber is tapped and screw-tl'neaded to receive 'the reduced screwtlneiid'ed upper-end of thc member 3, which is provided with a shoulder 4, which is seated against the lower face of the float chamber 1 to insure a tight connection and prevent leakage. The member 3 is'provided with a central passage and lateral passages (i, through which the liquid fuel is admitted to the chamber. The upper portion of the passage 5 is enlarged and a. conical valve seat 7 formed below thc-v lateral passages (S. The float chamber 1 is provided with a cover S, which is rex'novably csecured in position by the studs 9. This cover is provided with a. central guide opening 10, in which is mounted a. stem 11, which is tapped and screw-threaded to receive the upper screwthreaded stem of the needle valve 12. lLevers 13 are ivoted atl141 to lugs 15 on the cover 8. B. ls 16 onthe inner ends of these e bushing 2 is mounted in thelevers fit in sockets 19 on the stem 11, and v l22, which communica-tes with the chamber 23 in the base 24. The base .Z-'t is tappeda-nd screw-threaded at' 25 to receive the bushingr 2G, which is provided with a shoulder 27 adapted to sea-t against the lower face oil the base 24; In order to-prevent leakage,-

I prefer to solder this 'bushing to the lbase when in position. The bushing 26 is tapped and screw threaded to receive the spray nozzle 28. In order to prevent leakage, I provide a stuffing-box 29, containing packing .29, which has a screw-threaded en ugen'xent with the upper projecting-end of tie bushing. 26; In order to prevent leakage around the lower portion of the jet 28, I rovide a stuffing-box 30 containing pacing 30,

' which has a screw-threaded connection with the lower end of the bushing 26. The spray nozzle 28 is adjustable as to height through the bushin 26, the lower end of the spray nozzle 28 eing provided viiith a hole 31, through which a pin may be introduced for the purpose of rotating it. The nozzle 28 is provided with openings 32 and 33 communi eating with the passage 22, and also with the passage 34, so as to permit liquid fuel to flow from the float feed chamber 1 into the chamber 34. A. fixed air nozzle is secured to the Ibase 24 by screws 35"L and surrounds the spray nozzle 28. Air openings 36 in the base communicate with the air nozzle 35. The air nozzle is also provided with openings 37, more clearly shown in Fig. Mounted on the base 24 is a ring piston 'l 38, which is loosely secured in 4placeby the desired position.

vided Witlrair ports 47 and 48V in tivo ser1es,`

ring 39, which lin turn is secured to the base 24 by tliserews 40, as shown in Fig. 8, and the purposeiofxwhich will be hereafter ex plained. TheVN cylindrical main mixing chamber 41 is secured to the base 24 by the divided ring 42, which seats in the annular groove 43 and the collar 44, Which is 4cured to the base 24 by the bolts 45 and nuts 46 as shown in Fig. 1, thus rendering it possible to rotate the float chamber 1 to an)7 This cylinder 41 is proone arranged above the other. The upper .portion ofthe cylinder is contracted into a neck 49, in ,yvhich is mountedtheusual throttle valvelOf- The upper end of the neck is provided with a flange 51, which is adapted to be Asecuredto'the ange of the manifold on an explosive engine. Mounted in the main -milxing chamber 41 is a piston valve V 1:52, provided at its lower end with an annu-- lar chambei, which is adapted to receive the ring. piston 38, the ring piston 38 being loosely secured to the base so as to accurately register. therewith. The ring piston 38 is provided with a passage '54 of very limited sizer so that' when the suction of the engine vtends to raise the piston valve 52 its move-v inent is retarded by the partial vacuum cre ated in the chamber 58, and the rapidity with which this piston may be raised or lowered is determined by the size ofthe passage 54, the Whole operating after the mannerof a dash-pot, its object being to prevent undue fluttering ofV the p iston. The walls of the piston va .ve 52 are provided with twol series` of air ports 54 and 55, Which to a. greateror lesser extent register respectively with the-air portsv 47 and 48 in the walls of the cylinder 41,- when the piston valve 52 is elevated by thesuction of the engine. 56 are air ports forming passages through the base of the piston' val-ve, the purpose of which will be hereafter explained. Mounted uthin the piston and secured thereto by screws 57 is, the tubular member 57, which surrounds the nozzle 35, and `which is pro vided at its upper closed end with a socket 58, in which is mounted the ball 59 on the upper end of the needle valve GU, the ball being loosely secured in position by the cap 61. The needle valve 60 extends down into the spray nozzle 28 and is provided at its lower end with a spider (S2, which centers it in the nozzle 28. As shown, the needle valve 60- is tapered for the purpose which will be hereafter explained. The upper por tion of the tubular member 57 is provided with a* plurality of small'perforations 68 forming outlet openings from the tubular member 57, or primar? mixing chamber to the chamber 41.

The operation of m3 invention is as lf'ollows:

Gasolene is mailii ined in the float feed chamber 1 at a const .,nt level and through the passages 22 and F3 and the ports 32 and 33 is also maintairnad at a constant level in the passage 34 ot' .ne spray nozzle 28. .When but a small quantity'of mixture is demanded, air is admitted through the air ports 3G into the air nozzle 35, the major portion of the air lar space between the air nozzle 35 and the member 57. From this point it passes upward through the member 57 and out through the small perforations 63, which aid materially in pulverizing the liquid fuel, into the main mixing chamber of the cai-bureter, Where it also meets and mingles with' a small quantity of air which has passed through the perforations 37 andthrough the ports 56 into themain 'mixing chamber, from which' point it is carried past the throttle valve and through the manifold to the engine. The amount of air and mixtureavhich is thus admitted is compara tively small, and I prefer to so constructfthe.

ports that the amount so admitted will be only sufficient to turn the engine over idle at a comparatively slow speed. When the demand for a larger quantity of mixture is made the piston valve 5.2 is elevated by the suction ofthe engine until the air ports and 55 in the piston valve 52 register to a greater or lesser extent with the air ports 47 and 48 in the cylinder :41, thereby opening varied throughout the carbureter by raising or lowering the time the needle valve 60, which is properly tapered to accomplish this purpose, increases the areaot' fuel port and an increased quanti-ty of fuel is supplied by the apparatus, the needle valve bemg purposely so tapered and adjusted with reference to the nozzle S28, that at all times and under all conditions a mixture will be supplied containingr the proper quantitiesI ot' both fuel and air to produce the maximum results. When but a small quantity of mixture di manded and the engine to which the carbureter is connected is operating under a low compression, a comparatively rich mixture is demandedl` and as the demand for mixture is increased and the compression in the engine to which the carburetor is connected is also increased, a vleaner mixture is supplied, the richness of the mixture under these. varying conditions being determined` by the taper oit the needle Valve. The rav tio of the fuel to the of my nozzle 28 with. reference to the needle valve 60, the ports -32 and 33 being so arranged that the nozzle .may be raised or lowered without closing these ports.

I have found it desirable to cause a small portion of the air which passes through the ports 36 and through the ports 37 of the air nozzle and upward between the air nozzle and the member 57, so as to carry with it any liquid fuel which may be condensed on' the walls of .the member 57 and which entire range Would otherwise tend to collect in the base of the carbureter. The purpose of the port-s 56 is-to prevent any accumulation l'ot liquid fuel at the base of the piston valve 52 caused by condensation in the main mixing chamber. As shown in the drawings, the ports 48 and the ports $7 are each seven in number, whereas the ports 54 and the ports 55 are each four in number, With the result that no matter to what position the piston valve 52 may be rotated with reference to the cylinder 41 the area of the air ports uncovered by lifting this piston to a. certain yheight always remains constant. I have so arranged the ports G3 that they are slightly above the ports 55 in the piston in order to insure a complete and thorough mingling of the air entering through the ports in t-he piston valve and the mixture entering. the main mixing chamber through the ports 63.

One criterionv that may be applied in determining the number, forni, and arrangement of the ports in the respective members to maintain thearea of the air intakev openings uncovered. by the piston, may be statedy` as follows:

Divide the circumference between the two members. into as many equal parts as the product of the number of ports 1n the piston air supplied may be. l

i air thereto, a

c ports in the casmulti lied by the number of ing, t e ports in each member being equidistant from each other and of equal width and form, and the partition walls in one meluber being of a width at least equal to one ot' the equal divisions of the said circumference.

The number of ports in one member must be greater than the number other member, and when thi` number of ports in one member is a multiple of the number of ports in the other member, the

ot' ports in the r' width of the walls between the ports in the ports in the member having the largcrnisiderable number of small pei-felations,-

this method insuring better pulverization of the fuel and a more complete mixture of the air and pulverized fuel. produces a more perfectmixture of the overrich mixture which is discharged from the carbureting chamber into the main mixing chamber when air is admitted to the main mixing chamber through the ports in the walls thereof. And I have also found that the' Quality of the mixture is improved by form- This .method alsov ing the ports yin the side walls of the main and in the valve coin-trolling mixing chamber scrles, one above the other,

said ports in two Having described my invention, what I' claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent is:

1. A carburetor comprising in combination a mixing chamber, ports for admitting air thereto, a pistonvalve adapted to normally close. said Orts andto be lifted by suction, an annu ar chamber in the base of said pist-'on valve, and a rin piston loosely secured to the base of sai mixing chamber constituting means for temporarily 2. 'A carbureter comprising, in combina` tion, a mixing chamber, ports for admitting air thereto, a piston valve adapted to normally close said ports checking the movement of the piston valve.` i

and .to be lifted by.

suction, and a dash-pot checking means for said piston 'valve member. l Y

3, A carbureter comprising-,in combination, a mixing chamber, ports for admitting piston valve adapted to norhaving a self-centering mally close sind ports and to @lifted by st xtion, and a dashlpobcheckin means for said piston valve having a loose y mounted self-centering 'rnember.

4,-A carbureter comprisingvin combinay tion u mixing chamber, air ports leading 'into said mixing chamber,` a valve for con- .t-rolling said ports7 a tapered needle valve 'secured by u ball and socket connection to the air valve, u Spray nozzle into which the needle vulve projects, and means carried by,

A2nd (luy of Novol'nlev, A. D. 191,4.

the needle valve within the spray nozzle'for. centering said valve in ull positions therein.

Signednt New York cit-y, in the county of New York, :111ml Siente of New York, this ABRAM SClllhlCK BERGEN.

lVii'nosses: l I l Violin IC. HUGUES, MARGARET A.. llmfli. 

